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Classic IR (information retrieval) is inherently predicated on users searching for information, the so-called "information need". But the need behind a web search is often not informational -- it might be navigational (give me the url of the site I want to reach) or transactional (show me sites where I can perform a certain transaction, e.g. shop, download a file, or find a map). We explore this taxonomy of web searches and discuss how global search engines evolved to deal with web-specific needs.
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Subject content analysis of Web query terms is essential to understand Web searching interests. Such analysis includes exploring search topics and observing changes in their frequency distributions with time. To provide a basis for in-depth analysis of users' search interests on a larger scale, this article presents a query categorization approach to automatically classifying Web query terms into broad subject categories. Because a query is short in length and simple in structure, its...
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The paper examines the way in which classification schemes can be applied to the organization of digital resources. The case is argued for the particular suitability of schemes based on faceted principles for the organization of complex digital objects. Details are given of a co-operative project between the School of Library Archive & Information Studies, University College London, and the United Kingdom Higher Education gateways Arts and Humanities Data Service and Humbul, in which a...
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One of the most pressing usability issues in the design of web sites is that of how to improve navigation and search. We are conducting a series of usability studies to address this problem, focusing on web sites that consist of large collections of loosely organized information. This article describes our method and presents preliminary results which suggest that use of faceted metadata can be useful both for the initial stages of highly constrained search and for the intermediate stages of...
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L’auteur illustre l’histoire des tentatives d’organiser les sources juridiques, plus particulièrement par la méthode de « common-placing » ou la création de « common-place books » durant le 19e siècle. Il s’agit de créer une sorte d’aide-mémoire et certains auteurs remarquent la nécessité de cette méthode en raison du volume important d’informations juridiques. Cette méthode servait aussi comme outil pour favoriser l’accessibilité des informations juridiques et visait les étudiants en droit...
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Legislative databases are a well-established information source for the legal professional. However, current legislative databases struggle with important problems. The manual updating of the texts and their reference data that are necessary for an effective consultation of the databases is very expensive and does not always guarantee the correctness of the retrieved texts. These findings are based upon the experience with the Agora-Lex project, which has developed a model and prototype for...
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L’indexation des décisions de la Cour de cassation fonctionne comme suit : c’est normalement à l’issue du délibéré que la décision de publier un arrêt est prise. La décision de publication joue un rôle fondamental dans le processus jurisprudentiel, puisqu’il conditionne l’accès à l’arrêt. On rédige alors le sommaire de l’arrêt; c’est le sommaire et non l’arrêt en lui-même qui est titré. Les éléments normatifs d’un arrêt sont seulement ceux qui sont contenus dans le sommaire. En somme, les éléments de droit normatif sont ceux qui sont publiés et dans le sommaire.
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