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C'est un article sur les problèmes de terminologie appliqué à l'information. En outre, l'article fait la distinction entre trois notions : thésaurus,taxonomie, ontologie.
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The creation of a law classification schedule at the Library of Congress has been under development since the late 1930s and has continued to the present. The law schedules have been published over the past thirty-five years. Class K delineates all laws and legal systems on global, regional, and jurisdictional levels and provides links between historical and religious systems as well. This article also discusses historical and political aspects of the development of law classification.
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"Professor Leiter reminds readers of the first principles of librarianship as enunciated by S.R. Ranganathan, the great Indian library theorist, and explores their meaning for law libraries in the digital age."
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Ce chapitre revoit les études relatives à la relation entre performance et recherche d'information par les utilisateurs.
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Classic IR (information retrieval) is inherently predicated on users searching for information, the so-called "information need". But the need behind a web search is often not informational -- it might be navigational (give me the url of the site I want to reach) or transactional (show me sites where I can perform a certain transaction, e.g. shop, download a file, or find a map). We explore this taxonomy of web searches and discuss how global search engines evolved to deal with web-specific needs.
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Subject content analysis of Web query terms is essential to understand Web searching interests. Such analysis includes exploring search topics and observing changes in their frequency distributions with time. To provide a basis for in-depth analysis of users' search interests on a larger scale, this article presents a query categorization approach to automatically classifying Web query terms into broad subject categories. Because a query is short in length and simple in structure, its...
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L’auteur illustre l’histoire des tentatives d’organiser les sources juridiques, plus particulièrement par la méthode de « common-placing » ou la création de « common-place books » durant le 19e siècle. Il s’agit de créer une sorte d’aide-mémoire et certains auteurs remarquent la nécessité de cette méthode en raison du volume important d’informations juridiques. Cette méthode servait aussi comme outil pour favoriser l’accessibilité des informations juridiques et visait les étudiants en droit...
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Legislative databases are a well-established information source for the legal professional. However, current legislative databases struggle with important problems. The manual updating of the texts and their reference data that are necessary for an effective consultation of the databases is very expensive and does not always guarantee the correctness of the retrieved texts. These findings are based upon the experience with the Agora-Lex project, which has developed a model and prototype for...
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À partir du constat que les facultés de droit considèrent généralement leur « clientèle » comme des cerveaux désincarnés – le mot « cerveau » étant employé ici au sens classique et réducteur et la fonction cérébrale étant encore perçue comme uniquement intellectuelle – l'auteure soutient qu'il est temps de réagir contre cette tendance, puisque la neurologie et la psychologie modernes, tout comme les analyses féministes et une relecture des produits de l'apprentissage, nous forcent à réviser...
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The library classification scheme was the first means of subject access to information, but is largely disregarded as a tool for the management of electronic resources ; modern classifications built on facet analytical principles are more appropriate to this purpose than is generally realized. Faceted classifications as exemplified by Bliss Bibliographical Classification (BC2) are powerful tools for the management of vocabulary, characterized by a rigorous analytical approach to terms, and...
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The paper examines the information needs and seeking behaviour of lawyers in Lagos, Nigeria. Results reveal that many lawyer is perceived the need to know the latest decisions of superior courts as their greatest professional information need. Other expressed needs include knowing recent legislation, obtaining information on local and international seminars and conferences, and on acquisition and application of legal “know-how”. The library has been identified as the most heavily consulted...
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On a comparé le World Wide Web à une bibliothèque dévastée par des vandales qui auraient détruit le catalogue et jeté des centaines de milliers de documents pêle-mêle sur le sol, après en avoir arraché les pages liminaires. Cette image désolante, reflet de la réalité d’il y a quelques années, n’a plus le même impact aujourd'hui alors que d’importants efforts d’organisation des ressources documentaires
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Research on Web searching is at an incipient stage. This aspect provides a unique opportunity to review the current state of research in the field, identify common trends, develop a methodological framework, and define terminology for future Web searching studies. In this article, the results from published studies of Web searching are reviewed to present the current state of research. The analysis of the limited Web searching studies available indicates that research methods and terminology...
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The study reported in this paper is part of a programme of ongoing research based on the model of the Information Search Process (ISP) developed in a series of prior studies by Kuhlthau. This study sought to gain a better understanding of the variety of tasks that involve lawyers as a particular group of information workers, how they use information to accomplish their work, and the role mediators play in their process of information seeking and use. Findings revealed that these lawyers...
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