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L'éducation juridique, sous plusieurs aspects, contribue à forger des pratiques du droit qui sont fondamentalement opposées à la formation de mouvements sociaux. Ces pratiques incluent l'individualisation des problèmes des clients; le façonnement des vécus des clients de manière à les faire entrer dans des catégories juridiques; l'engagement envers l'instrumentalisme (c'est-à-dire l'obtention d'un résultat favorable); ainsi que la domination et le contrôle des avocats auxquels sont reliés le...
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In December 1996 Classification of Obligations formed the topic of one of a series of SPTL seminars under the general title of Pressing Problems in the Law. It may, perhaps, be asked quite why classification is a pressing problem, for it is by no means clear from the papers themselves that common lawyers have suddenly become more concerned about the internal structure of the 'seamless web'. Nevertheless the seminar was a valuable opportunity to reflect upon a subject that is at least a...
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This study investigated the effects of end-user search experience on searching behavior in the use of an online information retrieval system by monitoring the QUICKLAW searches of a group of law students over a 1-year period. Searching behavior was examined in these aspects: Searcher command and feature repertoires (i.e., the set of commands and the set of features such as Boolean operators and truncation used), language usage patterns (command and feature use frequencies, state chains of...
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"Professor Bintliff discusses how computer-assisted legal research is changing the traditional approach to legal problem solving or, as it is often referred to, "thinking like a lawyer.""
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Le travail décrit ici vise à permettre une exploitation factuelle de documents de type administratif ou juridique. Par exploitation factuelle il faut entendre la création d’une base de données qui permette une prise en compte précise des faits et non une simple description du contenu des documents. Diverses expérimentations ont été entreprises. Elles ont abouti à une solution satisfaisante prenant la forme d’éléments méthodologiques pour la mise en place de telles applications et d’une...
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Drawing upon existing research and previous attempts at modeling the information-seeking behavior of specific professional groups, this article posits an original model of information seeking that is applicable to all professionals. The model was developed through a careful analysis and interpretation of empirical studies on the information habits and practices of three groups: engineers, health care professionals, and lawyers. The general model and its six major components are presented in...
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West Publishing Corp.'s WESTLAW and Reed-Elsevier's LEXIS service, the two titans of online legal services, have dominated legal research for as long as electronic research has existed. However, the Internet may soon be as important an online resource for the legal research as LEXIS and WESTLAW are. A comparison is made of these 3 services. Some of the areas of comparison are: 1. the US code, 2. code of federal regulations, 3. Supreme Court decisions, 4. directories of lawyers and law firms,...
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"Professor Arthurs argues that with the growth and diversification of knowledge, the common body of knowledge that underpins a unified profession is becoming more difficult to sustain. The desire to know, the need to know and the resources to know have divided lawyers into subprofessions, increasingly defined by the non-lawyers with whom they work and the clienteles they serve, bound together- if at all-only by nostalgia and some residuum of self-interest."
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We take it for granted that law, whatever its tradition, forms some kind of system. When the research funding mechanisms of this Academy were reorganised recently, law was located by the Humanities Research Board, without any apparent dissent, in a category labelled 'systems of thought and belief'. All modern laws are systems in the sense that they form bodies of norms, with certain features and with recognised ways of making them and changing them.' My concern today is not with whether...
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"The ability to find relevant materials in large document collections is a fundamental component of legal research. The emergence of large machine-readable collections of legal materials has stimulated research aimed at improving the quality of the tools used to access these collections. Important research has been conducted within the traditional information retrieval, the artificial intelligence, and the legal communities with varying degrees of interaction between these groups. This...
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In modern legal systems, common law and civil law alike, and their spread over many territories in several continents, are inconceivable without the input of Nutshells often written in far-off times and in far-away places. I also want to show that the history of Nutshells vividly illumines themes that I have pressed for decades.3 First, they demonstrate the easy transmissibility of legal rules, institutions, concepts and structures from one society to other, very different, ones. Second,...
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Examination of nearly a thousand books printed before 1500 has revealed indexes, some printed, some manuscript, in 83 of them, enabling some conclusions to be made on late medieval indexing policy and practice. The likelihood of indexing in particular subject areas; whether the index {or registrum or tabula) is explained; and the structure of the indexes, are among topics covered. The vagaries of primitive alphabetization are outlined, and an attempt is made to assess quality. Some of the...
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Qu'il s'agisse de recherche, d'enseignement ou de documentation, l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies et la conception ou la production de bases et de banques de données posent de multiples interrogations aux chercheurs qui envisagent de s'engager dans de pareilles entreprises. Le plus souvent, en l'absence de règles bien définies, c'est l'enthousiasme et une relative méconnaissance des difficultés qui ont prévalu. Il en a résulté de nombreux mécomptes pour les chercheurs, en maintes...
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L'auteur constate que les modèles qui existent ne tienne pas compte des objectifs sous-jacents d'une règle. Il propose un modèle qui intègre l'aspect téléogique dans le raisonnement.
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