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In modern legal systems, common law and civil law alike, and their spread over many territories in several continents, are inconceivable without the input of Nutshells often written in far-off times and in far-away places. I also want to show that the history of Nutshells vividly illumines themes that I have pressed for decades.3 First, they demonstrate the easy transmissibility of legal rules, institutions, concepts and structures from one society to other, very different, ones. Second,...
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In this paper we introduce an intermediate frame language for the representation of legal knowledge. The frame language is based on the concept of a norm as a coherent entity in the legal domain. The aim of this article is to show that the norm-frame representation method offers a fertile approach to the representation of legal knowledge. Moreover, this contribution also treats the possibility to use the ideas behind norm frames in the drafting of legislation.
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The classification of legal doctrine provides "the familiar landmarks of thought" that order our understanding of the law. The "stark impossibility" of the classification of animals in the Chinese encyclopedia poses for us questions like those Foucault asks: How do we think about doctrinal categories, and what do we hope to achieve? What are the consequences of thinking in categories, and of thinking in the categories that we do? Does the way we classify help or hinder us in achieving our...
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Cet extrait traite des méthodes de raisonnement dans l'application du droit, il traite du syllogisme.
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When Christopher Columbus Langdell stated that the library was the laboratory of the law and that law books were the "stuff" of legal research, he was stating a proposition that was not only descriptive but prescriptive. 'From the late nineteenth century, the development of the American legal system can be seen as a history of the development of forms of legal publication. This history poses the question whether the forms of publication have been mere vehicles for the transmission of legal...
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Within jurisprudence several principles have been suggested for the task of classifying legal norrns. The logical implication of the different classes is varied. The question addressed here is if any of the proposed classifications exhibits characteristics making it particularly weIl adapted to serve as a basis for a computable logical formalism for legal reasoning. Criteria for choosing an appropriate principle are compiled and the different classifications are juxtaposed and compared in...
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Cette étude montre comment les auteurs de common law ont emprunté les grands schémas de classifications du droit romain notamment de Gaius.
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Ce chapitre analyse les fictions juridiques dans l'histoire et aujourd'hui.
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Quelles sont les règles qui déterminent l'appartenance d'un mot ou une tournure à un lexique déterminé? Quelles sont les règles qui déterminent l'appartenance d'une norme ou d'une solution à un système juridique donné? Jugement d'acceptabilité linguistique dans le premier cas, jugement de validité juridique dans le second. Notre propos est de suggérer que si la langue - en l'occurrence son lexique - est plus normalisée, voire codifiée, qu'on ne le croit généralement, en revanche le droit est...
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L'objet de cet article est d'étudier les analogies qu'entretiennent à l'époque moderne les conceptions philosophiques et juridiques du système. Plus précisément, il s'agit de considérer les liens qui peuvent exister entre la thèse philosophique qui fait de la philosophie elle-même un système (du savoir) et la thèse juridique qui tend à définir le droit comme système (de règles), qu'il le soit en fait ou que sa systématisation soit précisément la tâche que l'on se fixe. Paradoxalement...
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" In this article I want to trace the development of the treatise tradition in the common law system, and build on an idea suggested but not fully developed by Schulz's study of the literary activity of the ancient Roman lawyers: the close relation between the forms of legal literature and lawyers' ideas of what they are doing, and of the appropriate way for jurists to behave. More radically, I shall suggest that certain literary forms are closely tied to theories about the nature of law itself, and that this is particularly true of the treatise." (extrait, p. 633)
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L'extrait traite de l'étape de l'analyse de problème et de celle de la classification.
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